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Living spring of French culture
Living spring of French culture
In every corner of France there are priceless treasures of culture. Architectural monuments from different eras have survived, and you can use them to study the history of the development of art. The cathedral in Autun, designed in the Romanesque style, is a bright representative of the architecture of the 11th-12th centuries. In the second half of the XII century. did the Gothic style come from the north of the country? - writes ProUKR.com
This period includes the famous Notre Dame de Paris, the cathedrals in Chartres, Bourges and Reims. Since the 19th century, under the influence of Italian architecture, the Gothic style has been replaced by the Renaissance (the castle of the Loire of Blois).
The reform of the church and the philosophy of humanism that appeared with it could not but affect the general culture of France (the works of F. Rabelais, M. de Montaigne, P. de Ronsard).
The era of pretentious baroque (XIV-XVIII centuries) belongs to the greatest masterpiece - the palace and park ensemble of Versailles. Then the ramaturg J.-B. Molière, painters C. Lorrain and N. Poussin.
The baroque was replaced by the graceful Rococo style (F. Boucher), in the depths of which neoclassicism was born (J.L. David). Philosophy developed (Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot). In the 19th century in French painting there were opposing tendencies: romanticism and classicism. In the field of literature, this century gave us the writer V. Hugo.
The revolution of 1848 brought realism, the key figures of which were the writers O. de Balzac, G. Flaubert, E. Zola, A. Daudet and the artists J.-F. Millet and E. Manet.
Meanwhile, impressionism is gaining strength, which has given many famous names (artists C. Monet, E. Degas, poet A. Rimbaud, sculptor O. Rodin, musicians M. Ravel, C. Debussy ). Prominent representatives of post-impressionism (late 19th century) were P. Cezanne and P. Gauguin.
The beginning of the last century is characterized by the emergence of avant-garde movements - Fauvism, Dadaism, Cubism ( A. Matisse, P. Picasso ) in painting, existentialism ( A. Camus ) in literature. Representatives of this country also made an invaluable contribution to the growing cinematography, creating real masterpieces ( J. Cocteau, J. Tati ).
Second half of the 20th century gave a whole galaxy of world-famous movie stars ( B. Bardot, J.-P. Belmondo, A. Delon, I. Montana, C. Deneuve ).
In the 70s. of the last century, the acting duet became famous - P. Richard and J. Depardieu . After the 80s. became famous L. Besson , who shot a number of cult films.
The interest of the French in any manifestation of art is truly inexhaustible!